Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. Commonly known as Nivali belongs to family Asteraceae. Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. is a plant of Indian origin having tremendous therapeutic potential but is not fully utilized. The present study, primarily aims to carry out a preliminary phytochemical screening so as to detect the major class of compounds present in Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. leaves and to perform thin layer chromatography (TLC) profiling of all sequential extracts. Phytochemical analysis was performed by various qualitative methods and TLC profiling was carried out using diethyl ether extracts. The solvent system of varying polarity ethyl acetate: n-hexane (1:1) and ethyl acetate: chloroform (1:1) respectively. Qualitative phytochemical analysis reflects the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, phenolic compounds, tannins and terpenoids in the plant extract. TLC profiling of the Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. was constituted different colored phytochemical compounds with different Rf values. The present study provides evidence that solvent extract of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. contains medicinally important bioactive compounds and this justifies the use of plant species as traditional medicine for treatment of various diseases. The present study was aimed to determine the antibacterial efficacy of Ambrosia artemisiifolia Linn. leaf extracts against secondary bacterial pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and to investigate the presence of phytocompounds through High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic (HPTLC) method of the potential extract. The varying degree of extract concentrations has a greater influence in the inhibitory effect against test pathogens. The different Rf values, maximum percentage concentration, area percentage of polyvalent chemical constituents was recorded in HPTLC profiling of Diethyl ether leaf extract, where the maximum percentage concentration was found to be 14.07% at 0.09 Rf. The HPTLC studies has confirmed that the compounds present in the diethyl ether extract might be responsible for the inhibitory effect against the bacterial pathogens and are more soluble in semi-polar solvent. Therefore, the present investigation forms the basis as preliminary study of antibacterial efficacy of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. leaf extracts and phytocompound HPTLC profiling of potential extract, which could be used for quality evaluation of compound and standardization of drug in future work. Keywords: Ambrosia Artemisiifolia L., Phytochemical Analysis, Thin Layer Chromatography, Diethyl Ether Extract, Ethyl Acetate, N-Hexane, Chloroform, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography, Antibacterial Activity.
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